Radial Compressor

New compressor concepts and their numerical flow simulation are experimentally investigated on the centrifugal compressor test facility. Optical measurement methods and time-resolved sensors and measurement systems complement the classical measurement technology. All systems have to be adapted to the extreme conditions such as pressure ratio and temperature.

The air enters the system through a filter housing, a Venturi tube and a flow straightener. Due to its high velocity, it is enriched with considerable kinetic energy in the impeller, which is converted into pressure energy in the downstream diffuser. The required pressure ratios and mass flows can be precisely adjusted by means of the continuously adjustable throttle in the outlet section. The hot air (up to 230°C) is then discharged to the environment via a silencer at the end of the outlet section.

To determine the map, total pressures and total temperatures are measured before and after the stage, as well as mass flow and speed. Mass flow is measured using a Venturi tube in the intake manifold. In addition to speed measurement using a tachogenerator on the engine, speed can also be measured using various trigger signals on the compressor shaft. The total temperature upstream of the compressor is measured in the 500 mm diameter inlet pipe. Downstream of the compressor, the total temperatures are recorded by four probes in the discharge line and two more probes in the collection chamber. Static pressure measurement holes are fitted along the outer contour of the impeller to follow the pressure build-up from the impeller inlet to the diffuser outlet.

In addition to these conventional measurement techniques, various optical measurement methods are used, including laser two-focus velocimetry, 2D and 3D particle image velocimetry and Doppler global velocimetry.

Acoustic measurements are carried out to gain a detailed insight into the aerodynamic sound generation mechanisms and noise characteristics of centrifugal compressors. This requires special equipment such as an anechoic chamber and a rotating chamber in the inlet section equipped with microphones.

Characteristics

Technology Readiness Level 5-6

Detailed flow field and map measurement

High rotational speed

Multi-stage test bench expansion planned

Research Topics

Validation tests on new centrifugal compressor impellers

Investigation of: Scroll casing, U-turn, diffuser designs including diffuser blading

Detailed flow and mapping measurements for CFD validation

Investigation of stage interaction effects, investigation of axial-radial configurations

Measurement Technology

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)

Laser Two-Focus Velocimetry (L2F)

Hot Wire Anemometry (HW)

Tecnincal Data

  

Engine power

max. 2 x 750 kW

Rotational speed

max. 60.000 min-1

Stage pressure ratio

6:1

Mass flow

max. 3.5 kg/s

Compressor outlet temperature

max. 230 °C

Rotor outer diameter

max. 225 mm

Stage outer diameter

max. 460 mm

Top speed

max. 580 m/s